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  • 4.3 - Binary Calculations - Eduqas GCSE (2020 Spec) | CSNewbs

    Learn about how to perform binary addition and binary subtraction. Based on the 2020 Eduqas (WJEC) GCSE specification. 4.3: Binary Calculations Exam Board: Eduqas / WJEC Specification: 2020 + What are binary calculations? Binary addition and binary subtraction are methods of adding or subtracting binary values without having to convert them into denary. How to add binary numbers: How to subtract binary numbers: Overflow & Underflow Errors Overflow and underflow errors occur when there is not enough space to accurately represent a binary number in the bits available . What is an overflow error? An overflow error occurs when a binary value is too large to be stored in the bits available . In technical terms, an overflow error occurs if a carry (remainder) is present on the most significant bit (MSB ). The CPU then sets the overflow flag to true . The most significant bit (MSB ) is the largest bit (always the one furthest to the left ) of a binary value (e.g. 128 for an 8 bit value). A flag is an alert signal . It is either on or off. The overflow flag is turned on by the CPU when an overflow occurs. What is an underflow error? An underflow error occurs when a number is too small to be stored in the bits available . The value is too close to 0 to be accurately represented in binary. Q uesto's Q uestions 4.3 - Binary Calculations: 1a. Describe the terms ' most significant bit ' and ' flag '. [ 2 ] 1b. Using the terms from 1a , explain what an overflow error is. [ 2 ] 1c. Describe what is meant by an underflow error . [ 2 ] 2. Add together the following binary values. If an overflow error occurs you must state one has occurred. a. 010110012 and 010001012 [2 ] b. 110110112 and 010111012 [2 ] c. 001101102 and 011010112 [2 ] d. 110110112 and 010101112 [2 ] e. 011011012 and 110101102 [2 ] 3. Subtract the following binary values; put the first value on top of the second value: a. 100110102 and 000110002 [2 ] b. 110110112 and 010111012 [2 ] c. 011101102 and 011010112 [2 ] d. 110110112 and 010101112 [2 ] e. 111011012 and 110101102 [2 ] Watch on YouTube Watch on YouTube 4.2 Signed Binary Theory Topics 4.4 - Arithmetic Shift

  • Key Stage 3 Python | Inputs | CSNewbs

    The third part of a quick guide to the basics of Python aimed at Key Stage 3 students. Learn about creating and using inputs. Python - #3 - Inputs 1. Asking Questions Input means to enter data into a program. Use the input command to ask a question. You must save the answer into a suitably named variable using the = symbol. Task 1 - Create a new Python program and save the file as 3-Inputs.py Use the picture to help you ask what someone's name is. Run the program and type your name. When you run the program (F5) you can type your answer on any question line in the Python Shell . 2. Asking more Questions There is no limit to how many questions you can ask in Python. It is the most important way to interact with the user of your program. Task 2 - Ask two more questions on topics of your choice. 3. Using Variables in a Sentence When we have printed the answers so far, they have not been very informative! You can print variables together with sentences so that they mean more. Use a comma ( , ) between variables and sentences . Task 3 - Use the pictures to help you add commas and sentences to your program to be more informative. BONUS: After I took the screenshot of my code I added in print lines in the two blanks spaces that print a line of dashes. Try to do the same to make your program easier to read. 4. Using Integers An integer is a whole number . When you are asking a question that you know will have a number for an answer , you need to add int ( before your input. Don't forget to add double close brackets at the end of the question line ! Task 4 - Underneath your previous questions (don't delete anything) ask 2 questions that will have numbers for answers. You must use int ( - see the image for help. Challenge Programs Use everything that you have learned on this page to help you create these programs... Challenge Task 1 - Funny Food Create a new Python program. Save it as ' 3-FunnyFood.py ' Add a comment at the top with your name and the date. Create a program that asks two questions, one for their favourite colour and one for their favourite food. Print a funny sentence using both of their answers. BONUS : Try to use only one print line. Remember: Break up variables in a print line by using commas. When you run it, it could look something like this: Challenge Task 2 - Trivia Question Create a new Python program. Save is as ' 3-Trivia.py ' Add a comment at the top with your name and the date. Create a program that asks the user a trivia question of your choice. Print the correct answer AND their answer. BONUS : Use only one print line. BONUS : Try to use only two lines in total . Remember: Break up variables in a print line by using commas. When you run it, it could look something like this: Challenge Task 3 - Getting to School Create a new Python program. Save it as ' 3-School.py ' Add a comment at the top with your name and the date. Create a program that asks two questions, one for how they get to school and one for how long it takes. Don't forget - use int( and then double close brackets for a number! Print an appropriate response that uses both of their answers. BONUS : Use two separate input lines. BONUS : Try to use only one print line . Remember: Break up variables in a print line by using commas. When you run it, it could look something like this: <<< #2 Variables #4 Calculations >>>

  • OCR CTech IT | Unit 1 | 2.4 - Operating Systems | CSNewbs

    Learn about different types of operating systems and the various roles that they manage, including memory, security and processing. Based on the 2016 OCR Cambridge Technicals Level 3 IT specification. 2.4: Operating Systems Exam Board: OCR Specification: 2016 - Unit 1 An operating system (OS) is software that manages the resources of a computer system . The operating system is loaded by the BIOS (Basic Input / Output System). Types of Operating System Single user operating systems are found on most desktop computers, laptops and tablets where only one person will use the device at a single time. Multi-user operating systems allow more than one user to access the processor simultaneously , such as a server that users, with correct permissions , can access remotely . However, one user should not be negatively impacted by another user on the same operating system and security must be managed carefully as data may be visible to other users . Single Processor operating systems have only a single processor (CPU), which is shared between users by dividing the CPU time into time-slices and allocating one of these to each user in turn. The time-slices are very short, giving each user the impression that their programs are running continuously. Multiple Processor operating systems have more than one processor (CPU). Users still have to share processors and it is a more complicated system but performance is improved as there are fewer users per processor. Some supercomputers have thousands of processors running in parallel. Operating systems can also be off-the-shelf , open-source or bespoke . See 2.1 . What are the roles of an Operating System? Manage Input / Output Devices Receives data from input devices (e.g. a keyboard). Sends data to output devices (e.g. a monitor) in the correct format . Manage Printing Checks the printer is free then uses spooling (storing data in a queue ) to print documents in order. Manage Backing (Secondary) Storage Ensures data is stored correctly and can be retrieved from secondary storage devices (e.g. hard drive / SSD ). Organises files in a hierarchical structure. Manage Memory (RAM) Ensures that programs / data do not corrupt each other and are stored in correct memory locations . Manage Processes Ensures different processes can utilise the CPU and do not interfere with each other or crash. On most OS the tasks appear to run simultaneously . Manage Security Allows users to create, manage and delete user accounts with different permissions. Allows users to logon and change passwords . User Interface The final function of an operating system is to provide a user interface . This includes: A folder and file system is displayed and manipulated allowing for copying , searching , sorting and deleting data. Icons are displayed to represent shortcuts to applications and files. Multiple windows can be opened at the same time and switched between. The interface can be customised , such as changing font sizes and the desktop background . System settings can be accessed such as network and hardware options . Q uesto's Q uestions 2.4 - Operating Systems: 1. Describe five different roles of the operating system. Include the importance of the operating system in performing each role. [ 5 ] 2. What is the difference between single user and multi-user operating systems? [2 ] 3. What is the difference between single processing and multi-processing operating systems? [2 ] 4. Using your knowledge from 2.1 Software Types, explain two advantages and one disadvantage to a company if they decided to use a closed source operating system. [6 ] 2.3 Utility Software Topic List 2.5 Communication Methods

  • 4.2 - Global Legislation | Unit 2 | OCR Cambridge Technicals | CSNewbs

    Learn about legislation that covers a wider geographic area including the UNCRPD. Based on the 2016 OCR Cambridge Technicals Level 3 IT specification for Unit 2 (Global Information). 4.2 - Global Legislation Exam Board: OCR Specification: 2016 - Unit 2 Data Protection Outside of the UK Personal data should not be transferred outside of the UK unless the country receiving the data has adequate data protection laws that match the Data Protection Act (2018) / GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation ). GDPR was introduced in all European Union (EU ) countries in 2018. This set of regulations ensure that personal data is protected and can be sent between EU countries. However, many other countries only have partially adequate data protection laws (such as the USA and Canada) whilst many nations have inadequate or no laws regarding data protection. Click the map button to visit CNIL's website and see exactly which countries have adequate, inadequate and no data protection laws. UNCRPD UNCRPD stands for United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities . This is a United Nations human right that states disabled people should be able to 'access information systems' (article 9) and 'use digital means to express their opinion' (article 21). Methods of complying with this convention include: Personal data can be sent between European countries (such as the UK) and the United States because of a protection scheme which was known as the 'Safe Harbour ' scheme (between 2000 and 2015) and the 'EU-US Privacy Shield ' (between 2015 and 2020). This provided protection to European data in the US and required both companies engaged in data transaction to sign up to the scheme before personal data could be transferred. The companies must have been assessed as responsible for the security of the data. The scheme was stopped in July 2020 because the European Court of Justice argued it did not adequately protect the personal data of Europeans from government access. Using < alt> text on images so that text-to-speech software can describe the image aloud, for the visually impaired . The tag can be added to the HTML code of an image on a website and will be audibly spoken by specialist reading software. This image contains alt text that can't be seen by a typical viewer but will be read aloud by screen reading software. Accessibility settings . Websites could allow users to change the font size and style or change the background colour to make text easier to read . Wikipedia presents some articles to be listened to if the user is unable to read them. Example Text Example Text Example Text Example Text Q uesto's Q uestions 4.2 - Global Legislation: 1a. What is the problem with transferring data outside of the UK ? [2 ] 1b. Why can personal data be transferred between European countries ? [2 ] 2. Open the CNIL map (use the link on this page and click on a specific country to see its name) and state: Four countries in the EU Two countries with partially adequate protection Two countries with an authority and law (dark purple) Two countries with laws only (light purple) Four countries with no data protection laws [7 ] 3a. What is UNCRPD and why is it important ? [3 ] 3b. Describe what alt text is used for. [2 ] 3c. State three accessibility settings that could affect how easy text is to read . [3 ] EU-US Privacy Shield 4.1 - UK Legislation Topic List 4.3 - Green IT

  • Python | Extended Task 4 | CSNewbs

    Test your ability to create a more complex program in Python based on a given scenario. Perfect for students learning GCSE Computer Science in UK schools. Extended Task 4 Hi, Jacob Mortimer here from Cats & Dogs Veterinary Surgery . There was a flood last week, and our computer systems were totally destroyed . I need you to create a program , using a file , that allows my receptionist to: Add new animals to the file . Search through the file and print the details of a specific animal . Allow a specific animal to be removed from the file . Vet Surgery For this task, you will need to create a document and include the following sections (with screenshots where appropriate): An introduction to explain the Purpose of your program . A List of Requirements for a successful program. Screenshots of your code (with comments in your code to show understanding). Testing – Create a plan to show how you will test your program and then explanations of any errors that you found and how they were fixed . An Evaluation of what worked, what didn’t, and how you met each of your requirements from your original list. Also, discuss further improvements that you could have made to improve your program. Reminders for this task: You will need to create a selection of options for the user to choose from. Subroutines and a while true loop may help. Section 10 will help you to open, write and read from files . Section 10c shows how to edit data in a file. You will need to adapt this code and not write the line that has been selected, instead of writing a modified version of it. There are multiple ways to approach this program, and your solution might look different from the example. Break the problem down and focus on one part at a time. Example solution: Entering 1 allows the user to enter the details of a new animal which is saved into the file . Entering 4 will stop the loop and ends the program. Entering 2 allows the user to enter the details of an animal to search for . If the animal is in the file, their details are printed clearly on a new line. Entering 3 allows the user to enter the details of an animal to remove from the file . If the animal is in the file, all lines are transferred into a temporary file except for the line to be removed . ⬅ Extended Task 3 (Blackjack) Extended Task 5 (Colour Collection) ➡

  • Python | 6b - While Loops | CSNewbs

    Learn how to create and use while loops in Python. Try practice tasks and learn through text and images. Perfect for students learning GCSE Computer Science in UK schools. top Python 6B - While Loops Types of Loop The third construct of programming (after Sequence and Selection) is Iteration . If you iterate something, then you repeat it. There are two key loops to use in Python: for loops and while loops . A for loop is count controlled – e.g. “For 10 seconds I will jump up and down”. The loop will continue until the count (e.g. 10 seconds) has finished . A while loop is condition controlled – e.g. “While I am not out of breath, I will jump up and down.” The loop will continue as long as the condition remains true . Simple While Loops A while loop keeps repeating as long as the starting condition is true . If the condition of the while loop becomes false , the loop ends . In this example, the number variable is increased by 1 inside of the loop until it is no longer less than or equal to 10 . number = 1 while number <= 10: print (number) number = number + 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Comparison Operators == equal to != not equal to < less than <= less than or equal to > greater than >= greater than or equal to It is important to give the variable a value before you start the while loop . I have assigned number as 1. The last line increases the number by 1 otherwise the number would stay at 1 and the loop would repeat forever . While Loops Task 1 (Countdown from 100 ) Example solution (shortened): Create a simple while loop that starts at 100 and prints each number down to 1 . Think about the comparison operator you will need to check you have reached 1. 100 99 98 ... ... 3 2 1 Inputs Inside While Loops If you want the user to keep entering an input until they give a certain answer then you need to put the input inside the while loop : age = 0 while age < 18: print ( "Only adults allowed to the casino." ) age = int ( input ( "Enter your age: " )) print ( "Welcome and enjoy your visit." ) Only adults allowed to the casino. Enter your age: 14 Only adults allowed to the casino. Enter your age: 18 Welcome and enjoy your visit. month = " " while month != "July" : month = input ( "Guess the month I'm thinking of: " ) print ( "Correct! It was July!" ) Guess the month I'm thinking of: August Guess the month I'm thinking of: June Guess the month I'm thinking of: July Correct! It was July! Notice that the variable in the condition (age or month in these examples) has to be given a value first before it can be used in a while condition. The program will crash if the variable is not declared and assigned a value - for example, the age cannot be checked to see if it less than 18 if there is no age variable! For string variables like month in the example above then a blank default value like " " can be used. For integer variables often 0 will be used. While Loops Task 2 (Guess the Colour ) Example solution: Use a variable named colour and a while loop that allows the user to keep entering colours until a specific one (your choice) has been input. Guess the colour: blue Guess the colour: purple Guess the colour: yellow Correct! It was yellow! While Loops Task 3 (Integer Trivia ) Use a while loop to ask a question that has an integer (whole number) as an answer , such as "How many James Bond films did Daniel Craig appear in?" or "In which year did Wigan Athletic win the FA Cup?". Remember that integers do not use speech marks , e.g. year = 0 Example solution: Which year was the first Iron Man movie? 2010 Which year was the first Iron Man movie? 2009 Which year was the first Iron Man movie? 2008 Correct! It was 2008! While True Loops A while True loop will repeat indefinitely , only stopping when the break command is used to end the loop . While True loops are often preferred because you do not need to set default values for any variables before the loop begins. while True : password = input ( "Enter the password: " ) if password == "icecream21" : print ( "Correct Password!" ) break Enter the password: vanilla32 Enter the password: chocolate83 Enter the password: strawberry100 Enter the password: icecream21 Correct Password! The program below has been adapted to record the number of attempts made . The value is increased by 1 each time the loop restarts. guesses = 0 while True : guesses = guesses + 1 password = input ( "Enter the password: " ) if password == "goat7" : print ( "Correct Password! It took" ,guesses, "attempts!" ) break else : print ( "Incorrect. Try again!" ) Enter the password: sheep3 Incorrect. Try again! Enter the password: cow4 Incorrect. Try again! Enter the password: horse5 Incorrect. Try again! Enter the password: goat7 Correct Password! It took 4 attempts! The continue command will move to the next iteration (it can be considered as starting the loop again ). The program below allows numbers to be entered and keeps track of a running total. Entering 1 inputs a number, 2 displays the total and 3 stops the program. total = 0 while True : choice = input ( "\nType 1 to enter, 2 for a total and 3 to stop: " ) if choice == "1" : number = int ( input ( "Enter a number: " )) total = total + number continue elif choice == "2" : print ( "The total is" , total) continue elif choice == "3" : break print ( "\nProgram finished." ) Type 1 to enter, 2 for the total and 3 to stop: 1 Enter a number: 40 Type 1 to enter, 2 for the total and 3 to stop: 1 Enter a number: 35 Type 1 to enter, 2 for the total and 3 to stop: 2 The total is 75 Type 1 to enter, 2 for the total and 3 to stop: 3 Program finished. While Loops Task 4 (Guess the Planet ) Example solution: Use a while True loop to keep asking a user to input a planet . Keep track of the number of guesses that have been made and output the total when they input the correct planet. Use the second example in the 'While True Loops ' section above to help you. Enter a planet: Mars Incorrect guess, try again! Enter a planet: Mercury Incorrect guess, try again! Enter a planet: Neptune Correct it was Neptune! While Loops Task 5 (Up to 100 ) Create a while True loop that asks the user to enter a number . Add the number to a total variable and print it. When the total reaches 100 or more , stop the program. Don't forget to set the total variable to 0 at the start and to add the number entered by the user to the total. Example solution: Enter a number: 34 The current total is: 34 Enter a number: 29 The current total is: 63 Enter a number: 18 The current total is: 81 Enter a number: 22 The current total is: 103 Over 100! ⬅ 6a - F or Loops Section 6 Practice Tasks ➡

  • Python | 12 - Error Handling | CSNewbs

    Learn how to handle errors in Python. Try practice tasks and learn through text and images. Perfect for students learning GCSE Computer Science in UK schools. Python 12 - Error Handling Errors When an error occurs in Python, you may see a chunk of red text like this. This is very useful when creating programs as it tells us the exact line of the error (10), and its type (NameError). However, a completed program should have code in place for when an unexpected error occurs – we call this exception handling . General Exception In this example, Python will attempt to run the code indented beneath try . If there are no errors then the code will stop just before except . If an error does occur then the Exception code will be run . If we enter a correct value then the program will execute normally: But if an error occurs (such as writing a string when an integer is expected) then the Exception code will run : You can add the else command to your code that will execute only if there are no errors : If a valid number is entered then the else code will be printed: If a code generating an error is entered then the except code will be printed: Practice Task 1 Create a program that asks the user to input their age. Don't forget to use the int command. Use try and except to print a message if a number is not inputted. Example solution: Specific Exceptions The Exception command used in the section above is for any general error that occurs. You can also use specific except commands for a variety of errors. Below is a program with two different specific exception commands for one try statement: If a Value Error occurs, such as when the wrong data type is entered , then related code will be printed: Or if the user tries to divide by zero then a Zero Division Error will be triggered which prints a relevant response: Other types of exception can be found here . Practice Task 2 Create a program that asks the user to input a number and then divides this value by 999. Create a Value Error and Zero Division Error exception and include an appropriate message in both. Example solution for Zero Division: ⬅ 11 - Graphical User Interfac e Extended Task 1 (Pork Pies) ➡

  • A-Level Key Terms | CSNewbs

    A key term generator to display randomised or sequential terms from the OCR A-Level Computer Science (H446) course. Filter terms by topics and 'favourite' tricky terms to focus on later. Perfect for students learning A-Level Computer Science in UK schools. A-Level Key Terms Generator If you see this message, your school may be using a strict network filter which has blocked it. The tool uses basic JavaScript and should work fine on a home network. Use this tool to check your understanding of the OCR A-Level Computer Science H446 specification's key terms . OCR A-Level Homepage

  • Motherboard | Key Stage 3 | CSNewbs

    Learn about the motherboard and the components that are connected to this important piece of computer hardware. The Motherboard What is a motherboard? The motherboard is the main circuit board of a computer that links all other components together. Components can communicate by sending signals and data across pathways called buses . Some components, like the CPU and RAM , are directly installed in special sockets on the motherboard . There are expansion slots for further components like a graphics card . What is connected to the motherboard? Central Processing Unit Random Access Memory Graphics Processing Unit Read Only Memory Cache Memory Sound Card Hard Disk Drive Power Supply Unit What is a motherboard's form factor? Form factor relates to the motherboard's size , shape and how many components it can fit . The three most common form factors are compared below: ATX Micro ATX Mini ITX Standard Small Very Small 32 GB 64 GB 128 GB 7 4 1 Size Max RAM Expansion Card Slots GB stands for gigabytes What ports does a motherboard have? The motherboard contains several ports on the back panel , allowing cables to be connected to input or output data . Below are some of the common ports : USB (Type-A) Connects input devices like keyboards and mice or storage devices like a USB memory stick. USB (Type-C) A newer type of USB that is faster and commonly used to charge devices or transfer data. Ethernet Allows a device to connect to a wired network, most commonly to a router, for internet access. HDMI Connects to a monitor or TV to show the computer's audio and visual output. KS3 Home

  • Scams & Staying Safe | Key Stage 3 | CSNewbs

    Learn how to spot a phishing email and other ways to stay secure online including choosing strong passwords. Scams & Staying Safe Part 1: Phishing Scams A phishing scam is when an attacker will send you an email pretending to be someone you trust . They are trying to get your username, password or other sensitive information . What does a phishing email look like? Capital letters and exclamation marks may be used to create a sense of urgency. A phishing email might be sent from a long, unrecognisable email address . It may be similar but slightly different to a real email address. An attacker might not know your name , so they will use your email address. A phishing email might contain spelling and grammar mistakes , so look carefully. Check any links carefully , if it looks suspicious, don't click it. Phishing emails try to rush you into making a silly decision. Don't panic and read the email carefully. Part 2: Secure webpages When you are browsing the web , you should stick to websites that you know and trust. Don't click on any links that you don't recognise , especially from strangers . How do i know a web page is secure? HTTP is a protocol (set of rules) for displaying a web page . If the web address at the top of your web browser starts with HTTP then it is not secure . Do not enter any personal information on an insecure web page. HTTPS is a protocol (set of rules) for displaying a secure web page. If you see a padlock in the address bar of your web browser then you know it is safer to enter information . Part 3: Strong passwords Your passwords must be secure so they cannot be broken easily. How to choose a strong password: ********* Passwords should be more than at least 8 characters long. Passwords should use numbers and punctuation marks . Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Passwords should use uppercase and lowercase letters . You should use a different password for each account that you have. Passwords should not use words found in the dictionary . KS3 Home

  • Little Man Computer Editor | CSNewbs

    A simple Little Man Computer (LMC) editor. Perfect for students learning A-Level Computer Science in UK schools. Little Man Computer (LMC) Editor You can use this simple Little Man Computer ( LMC ) editor below to check any LMC code you have written to ensure it outputs correctly . Use the reminders on the right for the 11 commands needed in the OCR A-Level specification . LMC is a simplified form of assembly language . This page is under active development. INP is used without a label to input a number . The number is temporarily stored in the accumulator. Example: INP OUT will output the current value of the accumulator. Example: OUT STA stores the value that is currently in the accumulator into a named memory location. Example: STA num1 ADD is used to add the value of a named memory location to the value currently stored in the accumulator. Example: ADD num1 SUB takes away the value of a named memory location from the value currently stored in the accumulator. Example: SUB num1 LDA is used to load the value of a stored variable into the accumulator. Example: LDA num1 BRZ is used to branch to a labelled line of code if the value in the accumulator is exactly 0 . Example: BRZ ifzero BRP is used to branch if the value in the accumulator is currently positive (including 0). Example: BRP repeat BRA is used to branch regardless of the accumulator's current value . Example: BRA loop HLT will stop the program. Example: HLT DAT defines and stores data in memory. It creates a variable or memory location that can hold a specific value. It is written after the final HLT command. Example: fifty DAT 50

  • Python | 3a - Data Types | CSNewbs

    Learn about the different data types used in Python. Try practice tasks and learn through text and images. Perfect for students learning GCSE Computer Science in UK schools. top Python 3a - Data Types Data Types in Python If you are a Computer Science student you need to know about the different data types that are used in programming. String – A sequence of alphanumeric characters (e.g. “Hello!” or “Toy Story 4” or “Boeing 747” ) Integer – A whole number (e.g. 1470 or 0 or -34) Float (also called Real ) – A decimal number (e.g. -32.12 or 3.14) Boolean – A logical operation (True or False) Character – A single alphanumeric character (e.g. “a” or “6” or “?”) [ Not used in Python as it would just be a string with a length of 1] Converting to Another Data Type Converting a variable from one data type to another is called casting . Casting Commands str (variable_name) converts a variable to a string . int (variable_name) converts a variable to a integer . float (variable_name) converts a variable to a float (decimal number). An integer (or float ) value may be cast into a string so that it can be used with + as part of a sentence to avoid spaces . total = 45 print ( "You owe £" , total , "in total." ) print ( "You owe £" + str (total) , "in total." ) = You owe £ 45 in total. You owe £45 in total. When dividing an integer the answer is automatically given as a decimal number (float ), even if it is .0 (e.g. 10 / 2 would give 5.0). Casting a float (also known as real) number into an integer using int() will remove the decimal . total = 100/10 print ( "The answer is" , total ) print ( "The answer is" , int(total) ) The answer is 10.0 The answer is 10 = Data Types Task 1 ( Time) Write an input line with int to ask the current hour . Write another input line with int to ask the current minute . Write a print line with str() that outputs this as a clock time. Example solution: What is the hour? 12 What is the minute? 44 The time is 12:44 Data Types Task 2 ( Decimal ) Write an input line with int to ask for any number . Use float() in a print line to output number as a decimal. Example solution: Enter any number: 456 456.0 ⬅ Section 2 Practice Tasks 3b - Simple Calculations ➡

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