Learn about the differences between open and closed information systems. Based on the 2016 OCR Cambridge Technicals Level 3 IT specification for Unit 2 (Global Information). 3.6 - Information Systems Exam Board: OCR Specification: 2016 - Unit 2 Information systems, such as structured databases , can be defined primarily as either 'open ' or 'closed '. Open Information Systems Closed Information Systems This type of system can interact with other information systems (e.g. another database) to exchange data , even from different platforms (types of computers). Because it is open it is more at risk of data loss and/or hacking. This type of system is private and cannot exchange data with other systems. Access is limited but it is much more secure than an open system. Q uesto's Q uestions 3.6 - Information Systems: 1. Compare and contrast open and closed information systems . [4 ] 3.5 - Data Analysis Tools Topic List 4.1 - UK Legislation

The homepage for all content aimed at Key Stage 3 students studying Computer Science / IT including computer hardware, Python, App Inventor 2 and Cyber Security. Key Stage 3 Topics These topics are aimed at Year 7 - 9 students (11 - 14 year olds) studying computing. Hardware The Motherboard The CPU Memory Expansion Cards Python Basics 1. The Basics 2. Variables 3. Inputs 4. Calculations 5. Selection 6. Turtle 7. Link to GCSE Python Cyber Security Malware Phishing & Staying Safe Other Topics Desktop Publishing

Learn about methods of physically protecting data such as biometric devices, RFID and tokens, privacy screens and shredding. Based on the 2016 OCR Cambridge Technicals Level 3 IT specification. 5.4 - Physical Security Exam Board: OCR Specification: 2016 - Unit 1 RFID & Tokens Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to attach tags to physical objects . RFID tags can be embedded within 'dumb' objects such as clothing, packages and even animals. RFID is used with security tokens (such as an ID keycard ) to permit the access of authorised people to certain areas. RFID can be used by IT companies to track equipment and manage access . Shredding This is the cutting up of documents (paper or CDs ) into small pieces so that they cannot be reassembled and read. Sensitive data on paper or optical disc should be shredded when no longer required. Locks A lock can be used to prevent access to server rooms or sensitive data stores . Only authorised personnel with the right key will have access. Physical Security Measures Biometrics Biometric devices require the input of a human characteristic (such a fingerprint , iris or voice scan ). The biometric data is checked against previously inputted data in a database . A match will allow access to the user. See more in section 1.1 . Privacy Screens These plastic screens are placed over a monitor to obscure the screen to anyone except the person sitting directly in front of them. This prevents shoulder surfing and prevents data from being read by unauthorised people nearby. Q uesto's Q uestions 5.4 - Physical Security: 1. Explain how locks can be used as a physical security method within an organisation. [2 ] 2. Explain what RFID is and how it can be used with tokens as a physical security method. [3 ] 3. Explain how biometric devices can be used as a physical security method. [3 ] 4. Explain how privacy screens are used to protect data. [2 ] 5. What is the purpose of shredding ? [2 ] 5.3 - Threats Topic List 5.5 - Digital Security

Learn about the three types of translators - assemblers, interpreters and compilers. Also, understand the differences between compilers and interpreters. Based on the 2020 Eduqas (WJEC) GCSE specification. 10.1: Translators Exam Board: Eduqas Specification: 2020 What is a translator? A translator changes (translates) a program written in one language into another language (usually machine code ). There are three types of translator : Assembler An assembler converts low level assembly language into machine code . INP STA 33 INP STA 34 LDA 33 ADD OUT HLT Interpreter An interpreter converts high-level language one line at a time into machine code and executes it. PYT HON Compiler A compiler converts high-level language into machine code for execution at a later time. The entire program is converted at once . PYT HON 0010 1011 0101 0101 0110 0111 0101 0001 0101 0101 0010 1011 0101 0101 0110 0111 0101 0001 0101 0101 0010 1011 0101 0101 0110 0111 0101 0001 0101 0101 Differences between an interpreter and a Compiler: Interpreter Compiler Execution Method: An interpreter translates source code (high level code) into machine code one line at a time . Execution Speed: An interpreter is slower than a compiler because the code must be reinterpreted each time the program is run. Complexity: Interpreters are smaller, simpler programs . Error Reporting: In error reporting, the interpreter would encounter the errors and report it to the user immediately and stops the program from running. Repetition: Interpreted programs can be edited and run without translating the whole program . Interpreters must reinterpret the program every time it is run. Execution Method: A compiler translates all the source code (high level code) into machine code in one go . A compiler produces an executable file that will run on other machines without the compiler needing to be installed. Execution Speed: Compilers can produce much more efficient code than interpreters making the compiled programs run faster . Complexity: Compilers tend to be large complex programs . Error Reporting: The compiler would analyse the entire program , taking note of where errors have occurred and record them in an error file . Repetition: Compilation requires analysis and the generation of the code only once , whereas interpreters must re-interpret each time. However, compiled programs have to be re-compiled after any changes have been made. x1 ∞ x1 Q uesto's Q uestions 10.1 - Translators: 1. Briefly describe each type of translator : a. Assembler [ 1 ] b. Interpreter [ 2 ] c. Compiler [ 2 ] 2. Compare interpreters and compilers for each of the following features : a. Execution Method b. Execution Speed c. Complexity d. Error Reporting e. Repetition [ 10 total ] 9.1 - IDE Tools Theory Topics 10.2 - Stages of Compilation

Learn how to spot a phishing email and other ways to stay secure online including choosing strong passwords. Scams & Staying Safe Part 1: Phishing Scams A phishing scam is when an attacker will send you an email pretending to be someone you trust . They are trying to get your username, password or other sensitive information . What does a phishing email look like? Capital letters and exclamation marks may be used to create a sense of urgency. A phishing email might be sent from a long, unrecognisable email address . It may be similar but slightly different to a real email address. An attacker might not know your name , so they will use your email address. A phishing email might contain spelling and grammar mistakes , so look carefully. Check any links carefully , if it looks suspicious, don't click it. Phishing emails try to rush you into making a silly decision. Don't panic and read the email carefully. Part 2: Secure webpages When you are browsing the web , you should stick to websites that you know and trust. Don't click on any links that you don't recognise , especially from strangers . How do i know a web page is secure? HTTP is a protocol (set of rules) for displaying a web page . If the web address at the top of your web browser starts with HTTP then it is not secure . Do not enter any personal information on an insecure web page. HTTPS is a protocol (set of rules) for displaying a secure web page. If you see a padlock in the address bar of your web browser then you know it is safer to enter information . Part 3: Strong passwords Your passwords must be secure so they cannot be broken easily. How to choose a strong password: ********* Passwords should be more than at least 8 characters long. Passwords should use numbers and punctuation marks . Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Passwords should use uppercase and lowercase letters . You should use a different password for each account that you have. Passwords should not use words found in the dictionary . KS3 Home

Learn about the differences between wired and wireless networks. Based on the J277 OCR GCSE Computer Science specification (first taught from 2020 onwards). 3.2a: Wired & Wireless Networks Exam Board: OCR Specification: J277 Watch on YouTube : Wired Networks Wireless Networks Encryption Wired Connections Wireless Connections Wireless connections, such as WiFi or Bluetooth , use no cables but require a wireless network interface card (WNIC ). Wireless connections generally have a slower speed and can be affected by the computer's distance from the wireless router as well as obstacles like walls or bad weather. Wired connections use physical cables , such as copper or fibre optic wires , and require a network interface card (NIC ) to connect to a network. These wired connections use a wired connection protocol - most commonly Ethernet . Restricted Movement Faster More Secure NIC Required Freedom of Movement Slower Less Secure WNIC Required Encryption Wireless connections are less secure and require encryption . Encryption is the process of scrambling data into an unreadable format so that attackers cannot understand it if intercepted during transmission. The original data (known as plaintext ) is converted to scrambled ciphertext using an encryption key . Only at the correct destination will the encryption key be used to convert the ciphertext back into plaintext to be understood by the receiving computer. Q uesto's Q uestions 3.2a - Wired & Wireless Networks: 1. Briefly compare wired and wireless networks in terms of movement , transmission speed , security and required hardware . You could answer this in the form of a table. [ 8 ] 3.1b - Network Hardware & Internet Theory Topics 3.2b - Protocols & Layers

Learn how to make simple calculations in Python. Try practice tasks and learn through text and images. Perfect for students learning GCSE Computer Science in UK schools. top Python 3b - Simple Calculations Simple Calculations in Python You can perform calculations on numbers in Python using the four main operators : print ( 89 + 47) print ( 89 - 47) print ( 89 * 47) print ( 89 / 47) = 136 42 4183 1.8936170212765957 For addition , use the plus sign + To subtract numbers, use the dash symbol – (but not an underscore _ ) For multiplication , use an asterisk * which can be made by pressing Shift and 8 on a typical keyboard. To divide numbers, use a forward slash / (but not a backslash \ ) Use a string and the calculation to make the output user friendly . print ( "53 x 7 =" , 53 * 7) = 53 x 7 = 371 Simple Calculations Task 1 ( + - * /) Print four different simple calculations, using a different operator ( + - * / ) for each. Make the output user friendly by also showing the calculation (not just the answer). Copy the divide symbol here using Ctrl and C : ÷ Example solution: 18 + 35 = 53 18 - 35 = -17 18 x 35 = 630 18 ÷ 35 = 0.5142857142857142 Using Variables in Calculations You can also perform calculations on variables . The example below has the values of the variables pre-written. You need to store the result in a variable . The total variable has been used to store the result of the multiplication. num1 = 12 num2 = 20 total = num1 * num2 print ( "The total is" , total) = The total is 240 The example below allows the user to input values . num1 = int ( input ( "Enter number one: " )) num2 = int ( input ( "Enter number two: " )) total = num1 + num2 print ( "The to ta l is" , total) Enter number one: 21 Enter number two: 82 The total is 103 = Don't leave the user in the dark, better user interfaces are clear and explain what outputted values mean: num1 = int ( input ( "Enter number one: " )) num2 = int ( input ( "Enter number two: " )) answer = nu m1 - num2 print (num1 , "-" , n um2 , "=" , answer) Enter number one: 83 Enter number two: 29 83 - 29 = 54 = Simple Calculations Task 2 ( Divide by 3) Use an input line with int to ask the user to enter a number . Divide the number by 3 and output the result . Example solution: Enter a number: 11 11 divided by 3 is 3.6666666666666665 Simple Calculations Task 3 ( Add 3 Numbers ) Make three input lines using int to ask the user to enter three numbers . Add the numbers together and output the total . Example solution: Enter the first number: 45 Enter the second number: 32 Enter the third number: 19 The total is 96 ⬅ 3a - Data Types Section 3 Practice Tasks ➡

Learn about common prevention methods of minimising cyber security risks including anti0malware, firewalls and penetration testing. Based on the J277 OCR GCSE Computer Science specification (first taught from 2020 onwards). 4.2: Preventing Vulnerabilities Exam Board: OCR Specification: J277 Watch on YouTube : Preventing Vulnerabilities Penetration Tests Penetration tests are carried out as part of ethical hacking. The purpose of a penetration test is to review the system's security to find any risks or weaknesses and to fix them . Internal tests are to see how much damage could be done by somebody within the company with a registered account. External tests are for white hat hackers to try and infiltrate a system from outside the company . Anti-Malware Software Anti-malware software is used to locate and delete malware, like viruses, on a computer system. The software scans each file on the computer and compares it against a database of known malware . Files with similar features to malware in the database are identified and deleted . There are thousands of known malware, but new forms are created each day by attackers, so anti-malware software must be regularly updated to keep systems secure. Other roles of anti-malware software: Checking all incoming and outgoing emails and their attachments . Checking files as they are downloaded . Scanning the hard drive for viruses and deleting them . Firewall A firewall manages incoming and outgoing network traffic . Each data packet is processed to check whether it should be given access to the network by examining the source and destination address . Unexpected data packets will be filtered out and not accepted to the network. Other roles of a firewall include: Blocking access to insecure / malicious web sites . Blocking certain programs from accessing the internet . Blocking unexpected / unauthorised downloads . Preventing specific users on a network accessing certain files . Secure Passwords ******** Usernames must be matched with a secure password to minimise the chances of unauthorised users accessing a system. Passwords should contain a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters , punctuation and numbers . Passwords should be of a substantial length (at least 8 characters) and should be regularly changed . User Access Levels Access levels are used to only allow certain users to access and edit particular files. ' Read-Only ' access is when a user can only view a file and is not allowed to change any data . For example, a teacher might set homework instructions as read-only for students to view. ' Read and Write ' access allows a user to read and edit the data in a file. For example, a teacher might set an online workbook as read and write access for students to fill in. It is important to set access levels so that only authorised users can view and change data. The more users who have access to a file, the more likely it is to be compromised. Certain users may also have no access to a file - when they can't view or edit it. Encryption Encryption is the process of scrambling data into an unreadable format so that attackers cannot understand it if intercepted during transmission. The original data (known as plaintext ) is converted to scrambled ciphertext using an encryption key . Only at the correct destination will the encryption key be used to convert the ciphertext back into plaintext to be understood by the receiving computer. Physical Security A lock can be used to prevent access to server rooms or locations that store confidential data . Only authorised personnel with a matching key will have access. Biometric devices require the input of a human characteristic (such a fingerprint , iris or voice ). The biometric data is checked against previously inputted data in a database. Only a match will allow access to the user. Other forms of physical security include keycards , security staff , CCTV cameras and alarms . Q uesto's Q uestions 4.2 - Preventing Vulnerabilities: 1. Describe the purpose of penetration tests . [2 ] 2. Describe the purpose of anti-malware software and its different roles . [ 4 ] 3. Describe the purpose of a firewall and its different roles . [ 4 ] 4. State three rules for choosing a strong password . [ 3 ] 5. Describe the three types of access level . [6 ] 6a. Describe the purpose of encryption . [ 2 ] 6b. Explain how encryption works, using the terms plaintext , key and ciphertext . [ 4 ] 4.1 - Security Threats Theory Topics 5.1 - Operating Systems

Learn how to use App Inventor 2 to create simple programs. Try to complete tasks 4, 5 and 6 on this page. Perfect for Key Stage 3 students to experiment with block coding, objects and properties. App Inventor Tasks 4, 5 & 6 - Using Variables This page will teach you how to make three simple apps that use variables . These apps will prepare you for the final program - the Pop-up Blob game. App #4 - Button Masher The first app to make is a simple program that counts how many times a button is pressed (but don't press it too much! ) This app will introduce you to using variables in App Inventor. Open App Inventor 2 (use the button below) and create a new project. You will need to log in with a Google account. App Inventor 2 Firstly, grab a button and two labels and place them in the Viewer . Using the Properties tab, you need to make the following changes: Button Text to 'Press Me!' Button Height to 60 pixels and Width to 'Fill parent...' Label 1 Text to 'Number of Presses' Label 2 Text to '0' Both Label 1 and Label 2 Width to 'Fill parent...' Both Label 1 and Label 2 TextAlignment to 'centre : 1' In the Components tab change the component names to be easier to code later. Switch to Blocks layout and drag an initialize global to block into the centre. In the blank space type 'Presses' - this is the name of the variable that will store how many times the button has been pressed. Drag a 0 block from Math. This will set the number of presses to 0 when the app starts. Drag a when ButtonPresses Clicked from the ButtonPresses section and add the necessary code inside. This code increases the variable value of Presses by 1 every time the button is clicked. It also changes the LabelPresses text to display the number of presses. Improve Your App As you will have seen in the video at the top, I programmed the app to go a bit crazy when 35 presses were recorded. In the code below I have shown how to use an if then block to check if the number of presses is 35. If it is then I have made the button invisible - this is an important feature we will use in later programs. Copy this code and add the following features to the then part of the if statement: Set the background colour to black. Change the Label1 Text Colour to white. Change the Label1 Text Size to 40. Change the Label1 Text to 'You broke it...' Program 4 Complete! App #5 - Timer The second app to make is a timer that counts up one second at a time. It also needs a reset button that sets the timer back to 0 again. It will introduce you to the clock component and enabling / disabling components. Open App Inventor 2 (use the button below) and create a new project. You will need to log in with a Google account. App Inventor 2 The code for this program is straightforward; it will take more effort getting the layout right. In the Palette tab, drag a HorizontalArrangement from the Layout section. It will look like an empty grey box at first. Grab a Button as well and place it underneath. Now drag two labels into the grey box and place the second one directly after the first, it may take a few attempts to get them to appear side by side like below: The last component to drag over is Clock (it is in the Sensors section in the Palette tab). It will go into its own section underneath: Change the name of some of the components so that they make more sense. Now to make some changes in the Properties tab. You should know enough by now to work out how to change your components so that it looks like this in your Viewer : Change your layout to Blocks and add the code blocks to the right. This code makes the Label named Seconds update by 1 every second, just like a timer. The code to the left will make the Label named Seconds reset to 0 when the button is pressed. Improve Your App As you will have seen in the video at the top of this task, I added a pause/unpause button that will set the enabled feature of the timer to true or false. You will need to complete the following steps (I've been deliberately vague to make it a challenge - break it down into small steps and use the colours to help you): Add a new button. Add code that, when the new button is clicked , checks if the TimerEnabled is true . If it is, then change TimerEnabled to false . Else change it to true . Now you also need to change the Text of the Button to read either "Pause" or "Unpause" . Program 5 Complete! App #6 - Windy Day The third app to make is an app that blows leaves around your screen. It will introduce you to random numbers, the canvas and coordinates . Open App Inventor 2 (use the button below) and create a new project. You will need to log in with a Google account. App Inventor 2 In the Palette tab, drag a Canvas from the Drawing and Animation section. A Canvas allows sprites (objects) to move around inside of it. In Properties , change the Height and Width of Canvas to 'Fill parent...' for both, so it fills the whole screen. In the Palette tab, drag over five ImageSprites from the Drawing and Animation section and drop them anywhere inside the canvas. Download the leaf picture with all App Inventor images on the basics page here . Upload the leaf image it in the Media tab. In the Components tab change the names of your ImageSprites to be leaf1, leaf 2 etc. For each leaf sprite, in the Properties tab, change the Picture to the leaf you just uploaded and change Height and Width to 30 pixels each. Finally, in the Palette tab, in the Sensors section, drag over a Clock . Your Viewer should look like the image to the left. X axis Y axis 0 300 500 Now for an explanation of coordinates. Each sprite (leaf) has an x coordinate (horizontal) and a y coordinate (vertical). For example, the leaf in the top right would have coordinates of x = 270 and y = 100. Can you work out approximately what the other leaves coordinates would be? What the code blocks below do is randomise the x and y coordinates for leaf1 every second. The word integer means a whole number . Use this code and add to it to make all 5 leaves randomly change coordinates. Improve Your App Add a pause / unpause button, just like in the Timer app that pauses the timer so that the leaves stop blowing (and starts them blowing around again too). Find a nice picture (maybe of a park?) online and upload it in the Media tab. Set this as the Canvas BackgroundImage . Add an audio file of some whooshing (why not record it yourself?). Program 6 Complete! Task 7 KS3 Home

Learn about the moral and ethical issues of computing such as computers in the workforce, automated decision making, artificial intelligence, environmental effects, censorship and the internet, monitor behaviour, analysing personal information, piracy and offensive communications, layout, colour paradigms and character sets. Based on the OCR H446 Computer Science A-Level specification. Exam Board: OCR A-Level Specification: Computer Science H446 5.2 - Moral & Ethical Issues Watch on YouTube : Moral & Ethical Issues #1 Moral & Ethical Issues #2 Artifical Intelligence Technology and the internet have transformed society , bringing huge benefits but also raising new ethical , social and environmental challenges . Below are some key modern issues linked to computing and digital systems . Moral & Ethical Issues Computers in the Workforce: Computers and automation have increased productivity and created new tech-based jobs , but they have also led to job losses in areas where machines can replace human labour . This raises concerns about unemployment and retraining in many industries . Automated Decision Making: Systems such as credit checks and recruitment tools now make decisions automatically using algorithms . While this can save time and reduce human bias , it can also lead to unfair or inaccurate outcomes if the data or programming is flawed . Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI allows machines to learn and make decisions without explicit human control , improving fields like healthcare and transport . However, it also raises ethical questions about accountability , job loss and the potential misuse of intelligent systems . Environmental Effects: Computers require energy to manufacture , use and dispose of , contributing to electronic waste and carbon emissions . Recycling and energy-efficient design can help reduce the environmental impact of modern technology . Censorship and the Internet: Some governments and organisations restrict access to information online to control what people can see or share . While this can protect users from harmful content , it can also limit freedom of expression and access to knowledge . Monitoring Behaviour: Digital systems and surveillance tools can track users’ actions , such as browsing history or location . This can improve safety and security but also raises privacy concerns about who collects this data and how it’s used . Analysing Personal Information: Companies and governments can collect and analyse large amounts of personal data to improve services or target advertising . However, this creates risks of data misuse , discrimination or identity theft if information isn’t protected properly. Piracy and Offensive Communications: The internet makes it easy to copy and share content illegally , such as music , films or software , leading to lost income for creators . It can also be a platform for offensive or harmful communication , such as trolling or cyberbullying , which can have serious social effects . Layout, Colour Paradigms, and Character Sets: Design choices like layout , colour schemes and character sets affect how accessible and inclusive digital content is. Using clear design , appropriate colours and Unicode character sets helps ensure that websites and software can be used by people of all languages and abilities . YouTube video uploading soon YouTube video uploading soon YouTube video uploading soon This page is under active development. Check here for the latest progress update. Q uesto's K ey T erms Moral & Ethical Issues: moral, social, ethical, cultural, opportunities, risks, computers in the workforce, automated decision making, artificial intelligence (AI), environmental effects, censorship, the internet, monitor behaviour, analysing personal information, piracy, offensive communications, layout, colour paradigms, character sets D id Y ou K now? In 2022 , the world generated 62 million tonnes of e-waste (roughly 7.8 kg per person globally) and only 22% of it was formally collected and recycled . 5.1 - Computing Legislation A-Level Topics

Learn how to edit code in Greenfoot to make objects move randomly across the screen. This can be used on 'enemy' objects. Part 3 of the Greenfoot Tutorial for the Eduqas / WJEC GCSE 2016 specification. 3. Random Movement 1. Code for Random Movement Greenfoot Tutorial Watch on YouTube: Right-click on your enemy class on the main screen and select ' Open editor '. The enemy character should always be moving, so start with move(1); Next we will use an if statement to start the random movement. This code generates 10 random numbers and if it is less than 1 then it will run the proceeding code. If we don't do this, the character will turn too much or too little . This code generates a random angle between 0 and 90. The - 45 part is necessary otherwise the character will always move to the right . See the diagram below for an explanation: 2. Bounce at World Edge You may have noticed that the enemy objects can get 'stuck' in the corners or when they hit the edge of the world. In the act() method, below the random movement code , add the code in the red box . This code checks to see if the object is at the edge , and turns it around ( 180 degrees ) if it is. 3. Compile and Run Click the Compile button at the top of the code editor . Then you can go back to the main Greenfoot window and click Run to test if your enemy objects move . Click on me if you've got an error that you're stuck with. < Part 2 - Movement with the Arrow Keys Part 4 - Remove Objects >

Learn how to use mathematical operators in Python. Try practice tasks and learn through text and images. Perfect for students learning GCSE Computer Science in UK schools. top Python 4b - Mathematical Operators Modulo Division The modulo operator - the percentage symbol % - will work out the remainder left over when one value is divided by another. print (30 % 6) = 0 30 ÷ 6 = 5, which is a whole number, so there is no remainder and 0 is output . print (30 % 7) = 2 30 ÷ 7 = 4 remainder 2 ; so the remainder is output . You can use modulo with variables too: num1 = 33 num2 = 4 print ( "The remainder is" , num1 % num2) The remainder is 1 = A common use of modulo is to check if a number is odd or even . If a number has no remainder when divided by 2 then it is even . = num = int ( input ( "Enter a number: " )) if num % 2 == 0: print (num, "is even." ) else : print (num , "is odd." ) Enter a number: 400 400 is even. Enter a number: 191 191 is odd. = Modulo Div i sion Task 1 ( Remainder) Ask the user to input a whole number . Use the modulo operator ( % ) to check if there is a remainder when the user's number is divided by 5 . Print the re mainder. Example solution: Enter a number: 123 The remainder when divided by 5 is 3 Modulo Div i sion Task 2 ( Rollercoaster) Use the odd/even program above to help solve this problem: A rollercoaster only lets people on in groups of 4 . Ask the user to input a number for how many people are in their group. Check if that number is directly divisible by 4 using modulo division ( % ). If it is then print “Perfect groups of four!” Else print “You will be split up” . Example solutions: Welcome to the Hyper Coaster! How many in your group? 6 You will be split up! Welcome to the Hyper Coaster! How many in your group? 12 Perfect groups of four! Integer Division Integer division removes any decimal numbers when performing division , leaving just the integer (whole number ). In Python integer division is performed using // . print (20 / 3) print (20 // 3) = 6.666666666666667 6 Integer Div i sion Task 1 ( Integer Division by 5 ) Use an input line with int to ask the user to enter a number . Use integer division ( // ) to divide the number by 5 without keeping any decimal values . Challenge: Improve your solution by altering the print line to be more user friendly . Example solutions: Enter a number: 27 5 Enter a number: 27 5 goes into 27 5 times. Integer Div i sion Task 2 ( Plane Rows) A large plane has 6 seats in each row. Input the number of passengers on the plane and use integer division to work out how many full rows will be filled. Example solution: How many passengers are there in total? 174 There will be 29 full rows on the plane. Exponent (Powers) An exponent is the number of times a value is multiplied by itself , for example 2 = 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 . The symbol to represent an exponent in Python is ** . For example: 4**2 represents 4 which is also 4 x 4 . 3 2 print (4**4) = 256 base = 5 exponent = 4 print (base**exponent) 625 = Exponent Task 1 ( Square Number) Use an input line with int to ask the user to enter a number . Output the square of this number. Example solution: Enter a number: 12 12 squared is 144 Exponent Task 2 ( Custom Exponent) Use an input line with int to ask the user to enter a number, this will be the base . Make another input line with int to ask for the exponent . Use ** between the base and the exponent and print it. Challenge: Make your solution better by including the base and exponent in the print line. Example solutions: Enter the base: 7 Enter the exponent: 3 343 Enter the base: 7 Enter the exponent: 3 7 to the power of 3 is 343 ⬅ 4a - If Statements 4 c - Log ical Operators ➡