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  • 4.3 - Green IT | Unit 2 | OCR Cambridge Technicals | CSNewbs

    Learn about the purpose of Green IT, the benefits for an organisation following its practice and methods of use. Based on the 2016 OCR Cambridge Technicals Level 3 IT specification for Unit 2 (Global Information). 4.3 - Green IT Exam Board: OCR Specification: 2016 - Unit 2 What is 'Green IT'? ‘Green IT ’ is to use computers and IT resources in an efficient and environmentally responsible way to reduce an organisation’s carbon footprint . To 'reduce carbon footprint ' means to decrease the amount of pollution (such as CO2 ) produced by an organisation and to engage in more eco-friendly practice. Examples of Green IT Practice Global Requirements of Green IT United Nations Climate Change conferences occur every year and are attended by leaders of each country in the United Nations. The conferences establish obligations for countries to work towards reducing their carbon footprints and emissions of greenhouse gases . Whilst Green IT is not specifically mentioned in these talks, IT is a hugely important sector with large annual emissions that need to be reduced to meet the climate change limitations, such as the Paris Agreement. In the UK, the Greening Government ICT Strategy (running between 2011 and 2015) was an annual report that investigated how IT use could become 'greener' within the government . Positive consequences of this strategy included: Using more cloud storage technology , enabling fewer individual storage devices to be purchased, reducing emissions . Using social media more widely to contact voters - saving money by posting fewer letters and leaflets. Increasing the use of teleconferencing and video calls - reducing the need for unnecessary travel to meetings and avoiding the generation of heavy pollution. Q uesto's Q uestions 4.3 - Green IT: 1. What is meant by the term 'Green IT '. [3 ] 2a. Explain four ways that an organisation can follow good green IT practice . [4 ] 2b. Describe two reasons why it is beneficial to a company of following Green IT . [4 ] 3a. Why are the United Nations Climate Change conferences important ? [2 ] 3b. Describe two ways that the UK government have used Green IT . [4 ] Turn off computers , monitors and other connected devices when not in use . Adjust power options to help minimise power consumption. Use cloud storage or virtualisation to reduce the number of physical devices being bought, powered and maintained. Repair older devices rather than throwing them away. Consider if it is necessary to print a document before doing so and print only what is required . Recycle ink cartridges and paper . Donate older equipment to charities or schools for reuse . Why use Green IT? It is in an organisation's best interests to use Green IT practices for the following reasons: To become more sustainable by reducing the company's carbon footprint and positively impacting the environment . Reducing energy costs (e.g. by turning equipment off when not in use) and saving money . Improving the public image of the organisation as people are increasingly environmentally conscious and will prefer to do business with a company that follows environmentally-friendly policies. 4.2 - Global Legislation Topic List 5.1 - Data Types & Sources

  • HTML Guide 3 - Text Tags | CSNewbs

    Learn how to use tags to format text in HTML, including how to underline, italicise and embolden text. Also, learn about heading size and paragraphs. 3. Tags for Text HTML Guide Watch on YouTube: Remember to write the tags for everything you want the user to see between the and tags. Headings Time to add text to your web page such as headings and paragraphs. To write a large heading , use and To write headings in a smaller size, use numbers between 1 and 6. Add a large heading and a sub-heading to your webpage. paragraph Paragraphs Typing text between the and tags will create a paragraph . Add at least three different paragraphs to your webpage. bold underline italics Bold, Underline & Italics You can format your text by changing it to be bold , underlined or italicised (slanted). Now you have text on your web page, you can add hyperlinks to take viewers to different websites. In the paragraphs you have already written, add at least 1 bold tag, 1 underline tag and 1 italics tag. 2. Essential Tags HTML Guide 4. Hyperlinks

  • 4.2 - Global Legislation | Unit 2 | OCR Cambridge Technicals | CSNewbs

    Learn about legislation that covers a wider geographic area including the UNCRPD. Based on the 2016 OCR Cambridge Technicals Level 3 IT specification for Unit 2 (Global Information). 4.2 - Global Legislation Exam Board: OCR Specification: 2016 - Unit 2 Data Protection Outside of the UK Personal data should not be transferred outside of the UK unless the country receiving the data has adequate data protection laws that match the Data Protection Act (2018) / GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation ). GDPR was introduced in all European Union (EU ) countries in 2018. This set of regulations ensure that personal data is protected and can be sent between EU countries. However, many other countries only have partially adequate data protection laws (such as the USA and Canada) whilst many nations have inadequate or no laws regarding data protection. Click the map button to visit CNIL's website and see exactly which countries have adequate, inadequate and no data protection laws. UNCRPD UNCRPD stands for United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities . This is a United Nations human right that states disabled people should be able to 'access information systems' (article 9) and 'use digital means to express their opinion' (article 21). Methods of complying with this convention include: Personal data can be sent between European countries (such as the UK) and the United States because of a protection scheme which was known as the 'Safe Harbour ' scheme (between 2000 and 2015) and the 'EU-US Privacy Shield ' (between 2015 and 2020). This provided protection to European data in the US and required both companies engaged in data transaction to sign up to the scheme before personal data could be transferred. The companies must have been assessed as responsible for the security of the data. The scheme was stopped in July 2020 because the European Court of Justice argued it did not adequately protect the personal data of Europeans from government access. Using < alt> text on images so that text-to-speech software can describe the image aloud, for the visually impaired . The tag can be added to the HTML code of an image on a website and will be audibly spoken by specialist reading software. This image contains alt text that can't be seen by a typical viewer but will be read aloud by screen reading software. Accessibility settings . Websites could allow users to change the font size and style or change the background colour to make text easier to read . Wikipedia presents some articles to be listened to if the user is unable to read them. Example Text Example Text Example Text Example Text Q uesto's Q uestions 4.2 - Global Legislation: 1a. What is the problem with transferring data outside of the UK ? [2 ] 1b. Why can personal data be transferred between European countries ? [2 ] 2. Open the CNIL map (use the link on this page and click on a specific country to see its name) and state: Four countries in the EU Two countries with partially adequate protection Two countries with an authority and law (dark purple) Two countries with laws only (light purple) Four countries with no data protection laws [7 ] 3a. What is UNCRPD and why is it important ? [3 ] 3b. Describe what alt text is used for. [2 ] 3c. State three accessibility settings that could affect how easy text is to read . [3 ] EU-US Privacy Shield 4.1 - UK Legislation Topic List 4.3 - Green IT

  • Python | 1c - Creating Variables | CSNewbs

    Learn how to create variables in Python. Try practice tasks and learn through text and images. Perfect for students learning GCSE Computer Science in UK schools. top Python 1c - Creating Variables What is a Variable? A variable represents a value that can change as a program is running . The two parts of a variable are the name (e.g. sweets) and the value (e.g. 8). sweets = 8 print (sweets) = 8 amount of sweets = 8 8sweets = 8 sweets A variable can't contain spaces , it must start with a letter , and you must declare its value before you can use or print it. You always need to print the variable name (e.g. biscuits), not the value (20) as the value can change. Important – When writing variable names, we do not need speech marks. (e.g. type biscuits , not “biscuits”) We use variables because the value of something might change as the program is executed. For example, if someone eats a sweet then the value of our variable changes: sweets = 8 print (sweets) sweets = 7 print (sweets) = 8 7 sweets = 8 print ( Sweets) You must be consistent with capital letters when writing variable names. sweets and Sweets are treated as two different variables. Creating Variables Task 1 ( Age & Pets) Make a variable named age and set it to your current age. On the next line print age . Make another variable named pets and set it to how many pets you have. On the next line print pets . Example solution: 14 2 Variables with Strings (Text) In programming, a collection of alphanumeric characters (letters, numbers and punctuation) is called a string . "Pikachu" is a string. In the example below, pokemon is the variable name that represents the variable value "Pikachu" . pokemon = "Pikachu" print (pokemon) = Pikachu To create a string, we use "speech marks" . Numbers by themselves and variable names do not use speech marks. Each variable can only have one value at a time, but it can change throughout the program. pokemon = "Pikachu" print (pokemon) pokemon = "Squirtle" print (pokemon) = Pikachu Squirtle Creating Variables Task 2 ( Superhero & Colour ) Make a variable named superhero and set it to any of your choice, such as "Spider-Man" . Print the superhero variable on the next line. Make another variable named colour and set it to the colour related to your chosen superhero. Print the colour variable on the next line. Example solutions: Spider-Man Red The Hulk Green ⬅ 1b - Co mmenting 1d - Using Variables ➡

  • 5.2 - Integrated Development Environment - OCR GCSE (J277 Spec) | CSNewbs

    Learn about the tools of an integrated development environment (IDE) including the editor, error diagnostics and run-time environment. Based on the J277 OCR GCSE Computer Science specification (first taught from 2020 onwards). Exam Board: OCR Specification: J277 5.2: Integrated Development Environment Watch on YouTube : IDE Tools An IDE (Integrated Development Environment ) provides programmers with the following facilities (tools ) to help create programs : Editor The editor is software that allows a programmer to enter and edit source code . Editor features may include: Automatic formatting (e.g. automatic indentation). Automatic line numbering (this helps to identify exactly where an error has occurred). Automatic colour coding (e.g. Python IDLE turns loop commands orange and print commands purple). Statement completion (e.g. offering to auto-complete a command as the user is typing.) Error Diagnostics & Debugger Break point The programmer selects a specific line and the program displays the variable values at that point . The code can then be executed one line at a time to find exactly where the error occurs. This process is called single-stepping . Variable Watch / Watch Window cost Displays the current value of a selected variable . A variable can be watched line-by-line to see how the value changes . Trace Logs the values of variables and outputs of the program a s the code is executed line by line . Both tools are used to display information about an error when it occurs, such as the line it occurred on and the error type (e.g. syntax ). These tools may also suggest solutions to help the programmer to find and fix the error . Compilers & Interpreters Both tools convert the source code written by a programmer into machine code to be executed by the CPU. A compiler converts the entire source code into executable machine code at once . After compilation, the program can be run again without having to recompile each time. An interpreter converts source code into machine code line by line . An interpreter must reinterpret the code each time the program is required to run . See 5.1 for both types of translators. A runtime environment allows a program to run on a computer system. It checks for runtime errors and allows users to test the program . A runtime error occurs as the program is being executed , such as dividing a number by zero . A commonly used example is the Java Runtime Environment . This allows programmers to design a program on one platform ( using the programming language Java ) which allows the finished program to then be run on many others systems . A runtime environment enables the tools above such as a trace and breakpoint to be used. Run Time Environment Q uesto's Q uestions 5.2 - Integrated Development Environment: 1. Describe the purpose of each type of IDE tool : a. Editor b. Interpreter c. Compiler d. Error Diagnostics / Debugger e. Break point f. Variable Watch / Watch Window g. Trace h. Runtime Environment [ 2 each ] 5.1 - Languages & Translators Theory Topics

  • OCR CTech IT | Unit 1 | 4.5 - Job Roles | CSNewbs

    Learn about the different skills and attributes that are required for IT roles including a network manager, programmer, animator and technician. Based on the 2016 OCR Cambridge Technicals Level 3 IT specification. 4.5 - Job Roles Exam Board: OCR Specification: 2016 - Unit 1 There are several different IT-related roles within most companies. Each role requires specific skills and attributes to be performed successfully. Try to apply the most suitable personal attributes that were described in 4.3 , as well as any other important skills relevant to the role , such as programming. Self-motivation Leadership Respect Dependability Punctuality Problem Solving Determination Independence Time Management Team Working Numerical Skills Verbal Skills Planning & Organisation Network Manager A network manager must control a group of employees with strong leadership to clearly set out their vision for the team. They must be able to motivate and encourage the team members to meet objectives . Because a network manager is high-ranking, there may not be many senior staff above them so they must be self-motivated and able to complete tasks independently , without being monitored . Network managers must be dependable and decisive , able to weigh up the consequences of a decision and make tough calls whilst under pressure . Time management is an important attribute for a network manager, they must be able to prioritise tasks and ensure deadlines are kept to . IT Technician IT technicians must have good interpersonal skills so that they can communicate clearly with other employees or customers. They should be able to use simplified terminology to help another person with their problem. They must be able to use questioning effectively to work out what the issue is to begin to solve it. IT technicians should have plenty of experience with hardware and software troubleshooting and be able to use a range of troubleshooting tools to solve a problem. They need to be respectful to customers and employees when solving a problem and show determination , as well as self-motivation , to fix issues within acceptable time limits . Programmer A programmer needs to be competent in specific programming languages that the company use. It would be beneficial to have knowledge of more than one programming language so they can be more versatile and approach a problem in different ways . Programmers need to have a logical mind so that they are able to creatively solve problems. Using computational thinking is an important set of skills that programmers should have - for example, by using decomposition to break a large problem into smaller, more manageable chunks. They must have good planning and organisational skills so that they can stay on top of the numerous tasks that need to be done. They need good time management skills to prioritise the more important tasks and stick to a deadline . Programmers must be patient individuals, all programs will contain errors that must be debugged and rewritten numerous times. Good interpersonal skills are necessary so programmers can work efficiently in teams - often multiple programmers will work on subsections of the same program that fit together later. Web Designer & Animator Web designers create , plan and code web pages to fit specific requirements made by their customers. They must create both the technical and graphical aspects of the web page, editing both how it looks and how it works. Web designers could also be responsible for maintaining a site that currently exists. They would need to have sufficient knowledge of using HTML (HyperText Markup Language ) for the structure and content of the webpage and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets ) for the formatting and style . An animator may use a mixture of digital and hand-drawn images or even puppets and models. The main skill of animation is still artistic ability , but there is an ever-increasing need for animators to be experienced with technical computer software . Animators usually work as part of a team with strict deadlines . Q uesto's Q uestions 4.5 - Job Roles: 1. Describe the key skills and personal attributes that a new programmer should have. [10 ] 2. A brief job description of a web designer and an animator are shown above on this page. Use the descriptions of what makes a suitable network manager, IT technician and programmer to help you explain which personal attributes and skills are required for: a) A web designer b) An animator [8 each ] 4.4 - Ready for Work Topic List 4.6 & 4.7 - Bodies & Certification

  • 1.1 - Programs & Applications | F160 | Cambridge Advanced National in Computing | AAQ

    Learn about the differences and characteristics of programs and applications. Resources based on Unit F160 (Fundamentals of Application Development) for the OCR Cambridge Advanced Nationals in Computing (H029 / H129) AAQ (Alternative Academic Qualification). Qualification: Cambridge Advanced National in Computing (AAQ) Unit: F160: Fundamentals of Application Development Certificate: Computing: Application Development (H029 / H129) 1.1 - Programs & Applications Watch on YouTube : Programs & Applications The terms 'program ' and 'application ' do not mean the same thing. A program performs individual operations while an application may use several programs together to create a functional tool for a user . For example, a program may calculate the total of a range of numbers . An example of an application is Microsoft Excel , which is spreadsheet software with a range of programs built in , including the ability to calculate totals , as well as many other functions . Programs and Applications Every topic in Unit F160 ( Fundamentals of Application Development ) comes with YouTube videos to help you learn . Some pages only have one video , while others have several . Programs Applications A program is a set of instructions that a computer can understand and execute to perform specific tasks . It is written in a programming language like Python or Java and instructs the computer how to perform individual operations . Programs can be simple (e.g. printing a message to the screen) or complex (e.g. managing a database or running a web server ). An application is a type of program designed to be user-friendly and help users complete specific tasks . Examples of applications include word processors (e.g. Microsoft Word), web browsers (e.g. Google Chrome) and mobile apps (e.g. Instagram). Applications are made up of one or more programs . Examples A program has a specific purpose , that is understood and executed by the computer . An example is a program that can sort data into alphabetical order . This may be used in an application like spreadsheet software . A video editing application may include several programs , each with a specific purpose , such as a program to import video , one to apply filters , another to edit audio and another to export the finished video . Characteristics Characteristics of a program: Programs are created using programming languages like Python or Java . They are translated into a format the computer understands and then run . Each program is designed to perform a specific function or set of functions . They may not have a user interface and may not require user interaction , such as an operating system's background processes . Programs may consist of smaller sub-programs that can be reused in different applications . Characteristics of an application: Applications are designed to meet user requirements . They are designed for specific tasks , such as editing photos or sending emails. Most have a user interface to provide a way for humans to interact with the application, e.g. menus and buttons . Applications may be designed to run on specific operating systems , such as an iPhone app designed for iOS. They may involve multiple programs working together . Devices that use Programs and Applications Every type of computer system will use programs and/or applications for different, specific purposes . Desktops and laptops run operating systems , software applications and utilities . Game consoles use applications for gaming , streaming and social features like group voice chats. Smart TVs use apps for streaming and browsing and programs for remote control . Smart speakers use programs to process voice commands , control smart home devices and play music based on user input . Smartphones and tablets use mobile apps for communication , games and productivity . AR (augmented reality ), VR (virtual reality ) and MR (mixed reality ) devices use programs to generate and manage 3D environments , track user movements and respond to inputs . Embedded systems like washing machines , smart fridges and cars use programs to manage their operations and interfaces . Q uesto's Q uestions 1.1 - Programs & Applications: 1. Explain the differences between a program and an application , using examples . [4 ] 2. Give 3 characteristics of a program and 3 features of an application . [6 ] 3. Briefly summarise how four different devices would use programs or applications . [4 ] As of 2025 , the Google Play Store has over 3.5 million apps and is close to reaching 150 billion downloads ! D id Y ou K now? Topic List 1.2 - Operating Systems

  • Key Stage 3 Python | Inputs | CSNewbs

    The third part of a quick guide to the basics of Python aimed at Key Stage 3 students. Learn about creating and using inputs. Python - #3 - Inputs 1. Asking Questions Input means to enter data into a program. Use the input command to ask a question. You must save the answer into a suitably named variable using the = symbol. Task 1 - Create a new Python program and save the file as 3-Inputs.py Use the picture to help you ask what someone's name is. Run the program and type your name. When you run the program (F5) you can type your answer on any question line in the Python Shell . 2. Asking more Questions There is no limit to how many questions you can ask in Python. It is the most important way to interact with the user of your program. Task 2 - Ask two more questions on topics of your choice. 3. Using Variables in a Sentence When we have printed the answers so far, they have not been very informative! You can print variables together with sentences so that they mean more. Use a comma ( , ) between variables and sentences . Task 3 - Use the pictures to help you add commas and sentences to your program to be more informative. BONUS: After I took the screenshot of my code I added in print lines in the two blanks spaces that print a line of dashes. Try to do the same to make your program easier to read. 4. Using Integers An integer is a whole number . When you are asking a question that you know will have a number for an answer , you need to add int ( before your input. Don't forget to add double close brackets at the end of the question line ! Task 4 - Underneath your previous questions (don't delete anything) ask 2 questions that will have numbers for answers. You must use int ( - see the image for help. Challenge Programs Use everything that you have learned on this page to help you create these programs... Challenge Task 1 - Funny Food Create a new Python program. Save it as ' 3-FunnyFood.py ' Add a comment at the top with your name and the date. Create a program that asks two questions, one for their favourite colour and one for their favourite food. Print a funny sentence using both of their answers. BONUS : Try to use only one print line. Remember: Break up variables in a print line by using commas. When you run it, it could look something like this: Challenge Task 2 - Trivia Question Create a new Python program. Save is as ' 3-Trivia.py ' Add a comment at the top with your name and the date. Create a program that asks the user a trivia question of your choice. Print the correct answer AND their answer. BONUS : Use only one print line. BONUS : Try to use only two lines in total . Remember: Break up variables in a print line by using commas. When you run it, it could look something like this: Challenge Task 3 - Getting to School Create a new Python program. Save it as ' 3-School.py ' Add a comment at the top with your name and the date. Create a program that asks two questions, one for how they get to school and one for how long it takes. Don't forget - use int( and then double close brackets for a number! Print an appropriate response that uses both of their answers. BONUS : Use two separate input lines. BONUS : Try to use only one print line . Remember: Break up variables in a print line by using commas. When you run it, it could look something like this: <<< #2 Variables #4 Calculations >>>

  • 1.1 - Holders of Information | Unit 2 | OCR Cambridge Technicals | CSNewbs

    Learn about the different types of organisations that hold information. Also, consider the differences between urban and rural connections and remote locations. Based on the 2016 OCR Cambridge Technicals Level 3 IT specification for Unit 2. 1.1 - Holders of Information Exam Board: OCR Specification: 2016 - Unit 2 Categories of Information Holders Organisations that store and process information can be put into seven different categories : Business A business will hold information on all of its employees , including their date of birth, address and financial information , allowing them to be paid at the end of each month. Businesses will also hold commercial information about their organisation such as profits and losses, product descriptions and historical data . Many companies may record information about their competitors and general marketing data. Government The government will hold a huge amount of information about all citizens in the country including financial earnings, tax paid, births and deaths . The electoral roll holds information about addresses . A national census is taken every 10 years in the UK (the next census is in 2021) that records extensive data about everyone living in the country. The government also stores information about other countries and shares some of this publicly, such as the Foreign Office posting travel advice . Individual Education Educational organisations , such as schools, colleges and universities will hold information about current and past students as well as staff. Student information such as addresses, attendance records and examination history will be recorded, as well as contact information for parents and guardians. Teacher information will be stored too, as well as students that previously attended the institution, even for a number of years after they have left. An individual will hold information about themselves , either in their head or on paper or electronically. This includes their name, date of birth, address, usernames and passwords . Individuals will store information of others , such as phone numbers, social media details and email addresses . Other information will be about organisations , such as the address of their favourite restaurant, opening hours of the local cinema or the telephone number from a catchy advert. Healthcare Healthcare services , like the NHS in the United Kingdom, will hold entire medical histories for each civilian in the country. This includes basic personal information such as current address and date of birth but much more detailed data too like previous illnesses and operations, blood type, allergies and prescriptions . The data stored by healthcare organisations is usually confidential and should not be shared by anyone other than the citizen in question. Charity & Community Charities may hold financial information of donors who give money to them, as well as information about the different projects that the donations are funding. Charities such as the British Heart Foundation might have physical addresses on the high street so information may be kept about the shops too. Community organisations like sport centres or religious institutions may hold information on members and matches, meetings or events . Comparison of Locations The location of systems and data affects access speed and network quality . The digital divide is the gap between people who do and do not have easy access to computers and networks . Developed vs. Developing Countries Developed countries , like areas of Western Europe, North America and East Asia, have a more developed technology and industry base with more funding available for information infrastructures such as cabling and high-speed access . Developing countries , like areas of Africa and Central Asia, have unstable governments and slower access (if any) to the internet . Less money is spent on technology and improving broadband speed and expensive equipment like computers cannot be purchased on low wages . Urban vs. Rural Urban locations like towns and cities have a high population density . Because there are so many people, councils and IT companies will spend a lot of money on internet infrastructure such as cabling and installing high-speed lines . In Rural locations like the countryside, the population is sparse and settlements may be far apart so internet access is poorer and broadband speeds are slower . This means accessing information on the internet is more difficult . Internet Access from Remote Locations Remote locations (such as the countryside or difficult-to-reach areas like mountains or deserts) might have limited internet access . Fast fixed broadband is expensive to install and many providers simply won't invest in rural areas as it is not economically viable . Some areas, usually those with a very small or temporary population, might have no fixed internet access which will make it difficult for an individual or organisation to communicate or work online. Many remote locations have some form of internet but download speeds will be slow or interrupted due to intermittent connection . This makes it difficult to work online and could take a long time to access webpages or document stores. Alternatives to fixed broadband in remote locations include mobile broadband and satellite broadband . Mobile broadband is generally not designed for home use and would be very expensive for everyday use , plus the remote location will generally mean mobile coverage could also be weak . Satellite broadband requires a dish with an unrestricted view of the sky. Satellite broadband has a relatively high internet speed but will cost a lot to install and has a high latency (more chance of experiencing lag). Q uesto's Q uestions 1.1 - Holders of Information: 1a. State the 7 categories of information holders . [7 ] 1b. For each of the 7 categories , briefly describe 3 different pieces of information that may be stored by the information holder. For example, a charity may store the financial information of donors. [3 each ] 2. What is the digital divide ? [2 ] 3. Describe the differences in information access for the following locations : a. Developed vs. developing countries b. Urban vs. rural areas c. Remote locations [4 each ] Topic List 1.2 - Storage Media

  • 10.3 - Programming Errors - Eduqas (2020 Spec) | CSNewbs

    Learn about the six programming errors - syntax, runtime (execution), linking, logical, rounding and truncation. Based on the 2020 Eduqas (WJEC) GCSE specification. 10.3: Programming Errors Exam Board: Eduqas / WJEC Specification: 2020 + Syntax Error A syntax error is a mistake in the grammar or spelling of the program. A syntax error will prevent the program from being compiled . Examples: Incorrect Spelling: pront ( "hello" ) Incorrect punctuation: print ( "hello" ( Execution (Runtime) Error An execution error is when the program unexpectedly stops as a result of an operation during execution . Examples: Dividing by zero: 400 / 0 Reading too far in a file: #There are 50 lines in the file line = file.readlines( ) print ( line [100] ) Logical Error Linking Error A logical error is a mistake made by the programmer - the program still works but displays the wrong output . Examples: Truncation Error Rounding Error A linking error occurs when a compiler can’t find a sub procedure (e.g. the random library in Python) that has been used. The programmer might have declared it incorrectly or forgotten to link (import) it . Examples: Spelling an import command incorrectly: import ramdon number = random.randint(1,10) Requesting a function without linking: number = random.randint(1,10) Incorrect calculation: total = num1 - num2 print (total) Incorrect variable printed: age = 16 name = "Steve" print ( "Nice to meet you" , age) A rounding error is when the program rounds a real number to a fixed number of decimal places. This results in losing some value as the number becomes less accurate . Examples: Rounding up: 80.87 = 80.9 (Inaccurate by 0.03) Rounding down: 63.4 = 63 (Inaccurate by 0.4) A truncation error is when the program truncates a real number to a fixed number of decimal places . This results in losing some value as the number becomes less accurate . Examples: Truncation to 2 decimal places: 92.13787 = 92.13 (Inaccurate by 0.00787) Truncation to 1 decimal place: 25.199876 = 25.1 (Inaccurate by 0.099876) Q uesto's Q uestions 10.3 - Programming Errors: 1. Describe and give an example of each type of error: a. Syntax Error [ 3 ] b. Execution (Runtime) Error [ 3 ] c. Logical Error [ 3 ] d. Linking Error [ 3 ] e. Rounding Error [ 3 ] f. Truncation Error [ 3 ] 2. State the error that will occur for each scenario: [1 each ] a. A command word (such as for or print) has been misspelt. b. The average speed is 120.3856 but only 120.3 is displayed. c. The cost of a meal is £47 but £40 is displayed. d. A program uses a subroutine that has not been imported. e. The height of a dog is 33.38cm but 33.4cm is displayed. f. The user wants to read line 9 of a file that only has 6 lines. g. The user's age is printed instead of their name. h. The programmer has typed print("hello"( i. A number is divided by 0. j. The program is asked to generate a random number but 'import random' has not be written. 10.2 - Stages of Compilation Theory Topics 11.1 - Impacts of Technology

  • HTML List of Tags | CSNewbs

    A complete list of tags required for students to know how to use in the 2016 Eduqas GCSE specification. Follow the links on each tag to see how to use them. Here you can find a list of tags. Click a tag to see how to use it. Tags for Eduqas GCSE:

  • A-Level Key Terms | CSNewbs

    A key term generator to display randomised or sequential terms from the OCR A-Level Computer Science (H446) course. Filter terms by topics and 'favourite' tricky terms to focus on later. Perfect for students learning A-Level Computer Science in UK schools. A-Level Key Terms Generator If you see this message, your school may be using a strict network filter which has blocked it. The tool uses basic JavaScript and should work fine on a home network. Use this tool to check your understanding of the OCR A-Level Computer Science H446 specification's key terms . OCR A-Level Homepage

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